For example, a network printer may be assigned a private IP address to prevent the world from printing from it. Devices that do not require public access may be assigned a private IP address, and make it uniquely identifiable within one organization. Devices that need to be publicly identified such as web or mail servers must have a globally unique IP address, and they are assigned a public IP address. In order to maintain uniqueness within global namespace, the IP addresses are publicly registered with the Network Information Center (NIC) to avoid address conflicts. (2) Class D (224-247, Multicast) and Class E (248-255, Experimental) are not intended to be used in public operation. Note: (1) 127 Network Address reserved for loopback test. With scarcity of IP addresses, the class-based system has been replaced by Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) to more efficiently allocate IP addresses. The computers identified the class by the first 3 bits (A=000, B=100, C=110), while humans identify the class by first octet(8-bit) number. Traditionally IP network is classified as A, B or C network. History of IPv6 Class A, B, C and CIDR networks The host address can further divided into subnetwork and host number. The network address determines how many of the 32 bits are used for the network address, and remaining bits for the host address. An example of IPv4 address is 216.3.128.12, which is the IP address assigned to .Īn IPv4 address is divided into two parts: network and host address. An IP address is written in "dotted decimal" notation, which is 4 sets of numbers separated by period each set representing 8-bit number ranging from (0-255). Due to IPv4 addresses running out, a new version of the IP protocol (IPv6) has been invented to offer virtually limitless number of unique addresses. The traditional IP Addresses (IPv4) uses a 32-bit number to represent an IP address, and it defines both network and host address. An IP address is analogous to a street address or telephone number in that it is used to uniquely identify a network device to deliver mail message, or call ("view") a website. Any device connected to the IP network must have an unique IP address within its network. Internet Protocol Address (or IP Address) is an unique address that computing devices use to identify itself and communicate with other devices in the Internet Protocol network.
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